A novel mutation in the E-cadherin gene in the first family with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer reported in Spain

Abstract 

Aims

Mutations of the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) result in dominantly inherited hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). We report a study in the first family diagnosed with HDGC in Spain, examining the presence of mutations in the CDH1 gene.

Methods

The presence of mutations was studied by direct sequencing of all CDH1 exons. Immunohistochemical analysis with specific antibodies was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin in normal and tumour tissue.

Results

A novel 1610delC mutation in exon 11 has been found in a Spanish family diagnosed with HDGC. This mutation generates a premature stop codon at position 1667 giving rise to a truncated protein that lacks the transmembrane and β-catenin-binding domains. The presence of a 1610delC germline mutation was confirmed in three family members diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer, and also in six asymptomatic members. Of note, the diffuse gastric cancer coexisted with a gastric lymphoma in the proband. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analyses of tumour tissue showed the complete absence of E-cadherin in the proband, revealing a second genetic hit at the CDH1 locus.

Conclusions

We have identified a HDGC family in Spain that carries a novel germline truncating mutation in the CDH1 gene.

Keywords: E-cadherin, CDH1, Mutation, Diffuse gastric cancer