The Association was founded in 1973 as a forum for British Surgeons interested in the subject of malignant disease. It has grown to over 700 currently active members from across the UK. It works closely with affiliated cancer-specific subspeciality groups, particularly in respect of cancers of the Breast, Gastrointestinal Tract, Head and Neck, Endocrine System and Skin. It aims to provide a united voice on relevant professional issues.

The Association has close links with the European Journal of Surgical Oncology and international cancer societies, including The European Society of Surgical Oncology and the World Federation of Surgical Oncology Societies.

The European Society of Surgical Oncology, ESSO, was founded in 1981 to advance the art, science and practice of surgery for the treatment of cancer. By arranging scientific conferences, professional exchanges and seminars, ESSO endeavours to ensure that the highest possible standard of surgical treatment is available to cancer patients throughout Europe. It aims to foster multi-disciplinary collaboration in the clinical management of cancer patients.